以下是The New England Journal of Medicine(《新英格蘭醫學雜志》)網站于2010年1月20日發表的一篇原創論文的原文摘要部分，是關于低鹽膳食的問題。文中提到在美國的飲食結構中鹽分偏高，特別是加工食品中的鹽分過高，而美國民眾又較依賴這些預加工食品，這在某程度上影響了民眾的健康。文中得出的結論是適當減少飲食中的鹽量可以大大降低心血管疾病的發生及減少相應的醫療開支，故減少膳食鹽量的攝入是改善公眾健康的一個很有潛力的重要手段。
適逢廣州舉辦2010年亞運會，“健康亞運健康廣州全民健康活動”全面深入開展，“限鹽限油”是活動其中一個重要內容，通過這篇文章，我們可以學習美國在這方面的研究和經驗，從而讓我們更好地開展“雙健”活動，實現全民健康的目標。感興趣的朋友們可以到以下網址查看全文內容：http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/full/362/7/590
Projected Effect of Dietary Salt Reductions on Future Cardiovascular Disease
減少飲食中鹽的攝入對將來心血管疾病的預期影響
作者：Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo, Ph.D., M.D., Glenn M. Chertow, M.D., M.P.H., Pamela G. Coxson, Ph.D., Andrew Moran, M.D., James M. Lightwood, Ph.D., Mark J. Pletcher, M.D., M.P.H., and Lee Goldman, M.D., M.P.H.
【原文摘要】ABSTRACT
Background The
Methods We used the Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) Policy Model to quantify the benefits of potentially achievable, population-wide reductions in dietary salt of up to 3 g per day (1200 mg of sodium per day). We estimated the rates and costs of cardiovascular disease in subgroups defined by age, sex, and race; compared the effects of salt reduction with those of other interventions intended to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease; and determined the cost-effectiveness of salt reduction as compared with the treatment of hypertension with medications.
Results Reducing dietary salt by 3 g per day is projected to reduce the annual number of new cases of CHD by 60,000 to 120,000, stroke by 32,000 to 66,000, and myocardial infarction by 54,000 to 99,000 and to reduce the annual number of deaths from any cause by 44,000 to 92,000. All segments of the population would benefit, with blacks benefiting proportionately more, women benefiting particularly from stroke reduction, older adults from reductions in CHD events, and younger adults from lower mortality rates. The cardiovascular benefits of reduced salt intake are on par with the benefits of population-wide reductions in tobacco use, obesity, and cholesterol levels. A regulatory intervention designed to achieve a reduction in salt intake of 3 g per day would save 194,000 to 392,000 quality-adjusted life-years and $10 billion to $24 billion in health care costs annually. Such an intervention would be cost-saving even if only a modest reduction of 1 g per day were achieved gradually between 2010 and 2019 and would be more cost-effective than using medications to lower blood pressure in all persons with hypertension.
Conclusions Modest reductions in dietary salt could substantially reduce cardiovascular events and medical costs and should be a public health target.
Source Information:
This article (10.1056/NEJMoa0907355) was published on January 20, 2010, at NEJM.org.
Volume 362:590-599 February 18, 2010 Number 7
Address reprint requests to Dr. Bibbins-Domingo at the University of California, San Francisco,
（編輯：劉鵬達）
